India’s expanding network of free trade agreements (FTAs) could support export-led growth and advance its vision of a Viksit Atmanirbhar Bharat. However, long-term success will depend on responsible subsidies, stronger labour standards and environmentally sustainable production.

According to an opinion article by Deeparghya Mukherjee in Business Standard, India has negotiated around nine trade agreements between 2021 and 2026. These agreements cover partners across approximately 38 developed countries. India is also pursuing negotiations with several countries and trading blocs to expand its access to global markets.

FTAs Create New Export Opportunities

Free trade agreements can help Indian businesses access new markets, reduce trade barriers and improve export competitiveness. They can also create opportunities for manufacturers, textile exporters and other industries seeking to expand international sales.

For India, these agreements could strengthen trade relationships and attract investment. They may also help domestic businesses become more integrated into global value chains.

Sustainability Remains Essential

However, wider market access alone cannot guarantee lasting economic gains. Responsible government support, better labour practices and environmentally friendly production will be important for sustainable export growth.

Indian manufacturers will also need to improve product quality, productivity and compliance with international standards. These measures can help businesses compete more effectively in overseas markets.

Balancing Growth and Self-Reliance

India’s latest trade agreements offer an opportunity to combine export expansion with domestic industrial development. The challenge is to ensure that international trade supports local businesses, creates quality employment and encourages sustainable manufacturing.

A balanced approach to trade liberalisation could help India strengthen its global competitiveness while advancing the goals of Viksit Bharat and Atmanirbhar Bharat.